ÿþ<html> <head> <meta HTTP-Equiv="Content-type"CONTENT="text/html;charset=utf-8"> <title> . . . . . . . . . -BHB (41</title> <style type="text/css"> <!-- a:link { color: #000000; text-decoration: none} a:hover { color: #330099; text-decoration: none} a:visited { } a { color: #666060; text-decoration: none} --> </style> </head> <body bgcolor="#EFEFEF" topmargin="0"> <center> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="756" bgcolor="#770077" height="63"> <tr> <td><img src="http://www.kar-online.com/hoghogh_bashar/image/left1.gif" width="260" height="63" border="0"></td> <td width="114"></td> <td width="110"><img src="http://www.kar-online.com/hoghogh_bashar/image/logo.gif" width="110" height="60" border="0"></td> <td width="113"></td> <td width="159"></td> </tr> </table> </center> <center> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="756"> <tr> <td width="90" bgcolor="#CECECE" valign="top> <img src=" " width="1" height="5" border="0"><br> <a href="http://www.kar-online.com/index.html"><img src="http://www.kar-online.com/image/first.gif" width="90" height="20" border="0"></a> <br> <a href="http://www.kar-online.com/hoghogh_bashar/hoghogh_bashar.html"><img src="http://www.kar-online.com/image/before.gif" width="90" height="20" border="0"></a> </td> <td width="10"></td> <td width="556"> <br> <center> <div dir="rtl"> <div dir="rtl"> <font style="FONT: 12pt/14pt arial; COLOR: black"> <font color="#993366"><b>A',9G *'(3*'F ñóö÷ /1 /'/¯'G G'I ,G'FI<br> </font> </b> <font color="#330099"> ¯A* H¯H (' ~J'E '.H'F E4'H1 -BHBI 3'2E'F EDD E*-/<br> </font> </center> <font style="FONT: 9pt/11pt tahoma; COLOR: black"> <font color="#330099"> .31H 4EJ1'FI<br> </font> <div align="justify" dir="rtl"><font style="FONT: 9pt/12pt tahoma; COLOR: black"> <BR><b> - E1,9 (JF 'DEDDI (ICC) E*'3A'FG E41H9J* 13J/¯I (G '9/'E G'I acö÷ 1' F/'1/ 'E' 'E©'F'* E*9// /J¯1I H,H/ /'1F/<br> - EF (1 '3'3 ~'1'¯1'A GA*E '3'3F'EG (ICC) ©4*'1 acö÷ 1' ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" EJ/'FE<br> - ©4*'1 ,E9I *'(3*'F acö÷ 1' "31(1FJ*3'" I 'J1'F EI /'FE<br> - ,F'J* ©'1'F /1 3J3*E FG *F(JG 4/G ©G *1AJ9 ¯1A*G 'F/<br> - '3E'9JD 4H4*1I H2J1 /'/¯3*1I /HD* ~J4JF H ©1JEI 1'/ H2J1 /'/¯3*1I ©'(JFG A9DI G1 /H FB4 ©DJ/I /1 'JF ,F'J'* /'4*G 'F/<br> - ('J/ ,'E9G ,G'FI 1' H'/'1 ©FJE *' E3&HD'F FB6 -BHB (41 /1 'J1'F 1' 4F'3'JI ©F/. /1 E1-DG (9/ E©'FJ2EI (G H,H/ (J'H1/ (E+D' ©EJ3JHF G'I *-BJB) ©G *H37 "F  'A1'/I 1' ©G E3&HD 4F'.*G EI 4HF/ 'J2HDG ©F/. '/'EG 'JF 1'G EJ*H'F/ EF,E/ ©1/F /'1'JI G'I 'JF 'A1'/  H J' ,DH¯J1I '2 41©* "FG' /1 E,'E9 (JF 'DEDDI ('4/<br> <br> - (1'I 4©D ¯J1I F8EI 3'DE H /E©1'*J© /1 ,'E9G 'I 3'DE (' A1GF¯I /E©1'*J© ('2.H'3* '2 E3&HD'F ,F'J* /1 G1 1/G 'I J© ~J4 417 '3*<br> </b> <br><br> 7I GA*G G'I ¯04*G E' /1 4G1HF/ (G (113I †¯HF¯I (1.H1/ -BHBI H ',*E'9I (' HB'J9 *'(3*'F acö÷ ©G (96' "A',9G EDI H ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" F'E ¯1A*G '3* ~1/'.*JE H /1 'JF E3J1 (' (1.I 'A1'/ "4F' (G EH6H9 H E*.55 /1 'JF 2EJFG ¯A* H¯H ©1/JE. /1 'JF 4E'1G H /1 '/'EG 'JF (-+ (' /©*1 ~J'E '.H'F 5-(* ©1/JE. 'H /1 'JF ¯A* H¯H (G 'E©'F'* H E-/H/J*G'I EH,H/ (1'I 13J/¯I -BHBI /1 E1',9 ,G'FI (G ©4*'1 acö÷ EI ~1/'2/ H (J'F EI ©F/ ©G /3*¯'G B6'JI 'J1'F (G /DJD 'JF©G .H/ FB4 '5DI /1 'JF A',9G 1' (1 /H4 /'1/ FEI *H'F/ E1,9 13J/¯I (G 'JF ,F'J* B1'1 (¯J1/.<br> 'JF ¯A* H¯H (G 2('F 'F¯DJ3I 'F,'E 4/G '3*.<br> <br> /©*1 ~J'E '.H'F '3*'/ -BHB /1 /'F4¯'G E© ¯JD J©I '2 5'-( F81'F -BHB (JF 'DEDD /1 EJ/'F "F3D ©4I  ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" H ",F'J* ,F¯I '3*. *2 AHB DJ3'F3 'H (' EH6H9 "*-BB ©FH'F3JHF F3D ©4I (a) /1 3'D aùù` /1 /H F41JG E9*(1 -BHBI  "E,DG BH'FJF -BHB (41"(b) H "3'DF'EG -BHB (41 G'1H'1/" (c ) EF*41 4/. <br> /1 'H'JD /GG FH/ "B'FHF FH1F(1¯" ©G (1 '3'3 "F ,F'J*©'1'F "DE'F A'4J3*I E-'©EG 4/G (H/F/ *:JJ1 J'A* H (G *'3J3 *1J(HF'D G'I ,F'JI (JF 'DEDDI 'F,'EJ/. ~J'E '.H'F /1 4©D ¯J1I 9EDI 'JF *1J(HF'D G' FB4 (G 32'JI /'4* H /1 9JF -'D EB'D'* H ¯A*'1G'I EF*41 4/G '2 'H /1 1'(7G (' F3D ©4I *H,G ,G'FI 1' (G .H/ ,D( ©1/. 'JF EB'D'* (G 'F*4'1 ©*'( "©'G4 F3D ©4I (G J© B'FHF" (ô) H /1J'A* /©*1' '2 G'1H'1/ 'F,'EJ/.<br> ~J'E '.H'F /1 3F bö 3'D¯I /1 3'D aùùb (G GJ&*I *9DB /'4* ©G '2 3HI "©FA1'F3 GE©'1I H 'EFJ* /1 '1H~'"(3I.'3.3I.'I) (113I A,'J9 (H3FI G12G ¯HJF 1' (G 9G/G ¯1A*. 'JF GJ&* *'3J3 "*1J(HF'D ,F'JI (JF 'DEDDI (1'I 13J/¯I (G ,F'J'* H /'/¯'GI ©1/F ,F'J* ©'1'F /1 JH¯3D'HI 3'(B 1' (1'I 'HDJF ('1 ~J4FG'/ ©1/. 'JF ~J4FG'/ '3'3 *4©JD /'/¯'GI B1'1 ¯1A* ©G /J1*1 '3DH(H/'F EJDH3HJ† 1' E-'©EG H E-©HE ©1/. ~J'E '.H'F /1 'JF /'/¯'G /1 D'GG  (G 9FH'F E4'H1 9'DI /A*1 /'/3*'F "*1J(HF'D (JF 'DEDDI (1'I ,F'J'* /1 JH¯3D'HI 3'(B" H /3*J'1 /'/3*'F 'F,'E H8JAG ©1/. 'H /1 *1J(HF'DG' H /'/¯'G G'I (JF 'DEDDI /1 ~JHF/ (' F3D ©4I /1 ©'E(H, H 1H'F/' FJ2 FB4I EH+1 'JA' ©1/G '3*. <br> ~J'E ©G ~J4 '2 ":'2 ©'1 /1 /'F4¯'G E© ¯JD /1 'J'D'* E*-/G 2F/¯I EI ©1/  /1 ~1HF/G G'I -BHB (41I '2 ,EDG 9DJG /HF'D/ 1'E3AD/ (G 9FH'F H©JD E/'A9 J'31 -E/I '2 2F/'FJ'F ¯H'F*'F'EH(I /1 EB'(D /'/¯'G 9'DI "E1J©' 9ED ©1/G '3*. 'H '2 (FJ'F ¯0'1'F "E1©2 ,E9 "H1I '3F'/ FB6 -BHB (41 /1 'J1'F" '3*.<br> . @@ 4<br> <br> <br> "B'I ~J'E '.H'F "J' 4E' *' ©FHF 4.5' (G EH6H9 ©4*'1G'I 3'D acö÷ /1 'J1'F ~1/'.*G 'J/<br> @@ (DG EF ©4*'1 ,E9I 3'D acö÷ 1' E7'D9G ©1/G 'E. FEI *H'FE '/9' ©FE ©G /1 'JF EH6H9 J© E*.55 G3*E. A©1 EI ©FE FJ'2 /'1E *' (' 9F'51 ~'JG 'I "F (J4*1 "4F' 4HE. <br> <br> "J' *' ©FHF (G 9FH'F J© ~1HF/G ,F'JI (G "F F¯'G ©1/G 'J/<br> @@ EF *,2JG H *-DJD "F 1' '2 /J/¯'G -BHB ,F'JI (JF 'DEDD ":'2 ©1/E. 'JF /H 3&H'D ©G †¯HFG 'JF ,F'J* EI *H'F/ 7(BG (F/I 4H/ H †G ©3I E3&HDJ* "F 1' (G 9G/G /'1/  EH1/ F81 EF (H/G 'F/. EF ©4*'1 ,E9I *'(3*'F acö÷ 1' "31(1FJ*3'"I 'J1'F EI F'EE  2J1' E' /1 ,F¯ JH¯3D'HI /1 (H3FI 4'G/ "~'©3'2I BHEI H FB6 ¯3*1/G -BHB (41 (H/JE 'E' "31(1FJ*3'" 9ED' E-D *,E9 '3*A'/G '2 "~'©3'2I BHEI H FB6 ¯3*1/G -BHB (41  /1 J© 2E'F H /1 J© 9ED (H/. "31(1FJ*3'" *(DH1 7(J9* "F ,F¯ H 1˜JE JH¯3D'HI (H/. ©4*'1 ,E9I acö÷ FJ2 '3*A'/G J© 1˜JE '2 '9/'E G'I ,E9I G2'1'F FA1 (H/. E' ('J/ 'JF A',9G 1' (G 9FH'F J© 9ED ((JFJE ©G F*'J, E4.5I /1 1'(7G (' 7(J9* -©HE* (G /3* EI /G/. EF8H1 'JF '3* ©G /1 'JF ©'1 FB4 "A1JF'F '5DI (G EF'5( ('D'I -©HE*I /3* J'A*F/. '2 'JF /J/¯'G ©H*'GI /1 /'/¯'GI ©1/F 9'ED'F A',9G acö÷ GE†F'F ,'E9G 'J1'F 1' *-* *'+J1 .H/ B1'1/'/G '3*  'E' 'JF *'+J1 (G H,H/ J© ,1'-* ',*E'9I (3H4J'D *1'E') E-/H/ FEI 4H/  (D©G FB4I *9JJF ©FF/G /1 E4.5 ©1/F 7(J9* 1˜JE -'61 /'1/. (G 9FH'F E+'D E' 4'G/ 59H/ 'A1'/I GE†HF '3E'9JD 4H4*1I [H2J1 /'/¯3*1I /1 ©'(JFG E-E/ .'*EJ] H E57AI ~H1E-E/I [H2J1 ©4H1 ©'(JFG '-E/I F˜'/] (G EF'5( H2'1*I G3*JE ©G '2 FB4 "A1JF'F "F ,F'J* (H/F/. HB*I ©G EI ¯HJJE 'JF 'E1 /1('1G 7(J9* 1˜JE '7D'9'*I (G /3* EI /GF/ /1 -BJB* ~'3. 'JF 3&H'D 1' EI ,HJJE ©G †G FH9 1˜JEI (G ,'I E-'©EG 9'ED'F †FJF ,F'J*I  (G "FG' *1AJ9 EI /G/ "J' ©4*'1 acö÷ /1 F81 ,EGH1I '3D'EI J© ,F'J* '3* H J' J© "2E'J4 (1'I 3F,4 HA'/'1I ©'1¯0'1'F4 H J' †G '9*('1I EJ*H'F (1'I J© 1˜JE B'&D 4/ ©G 9'ED'F ©4*'1 ,E9I 1' /1 1/G H2J1 /1 ©'(JFG -©HE*I ,'I /'/G '3* <br> <br> "J' 4E' ©4*'1 acö÷1' (' *H,G (G *91JA 13EI EH,H/ '2 *1E -BHBI ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" (G 'JF 9FH'F EI 4F'3J/<br> @@ (DG. EF (1 '3'3 (1/'4* .H/ '2 -BHB (JF 'DEDD ©4*'1 acö÷ 1' ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" EJ/'FE. ~'1'¯1'A GA*E '3'3F'EG (ICC) ((õ)) /1 -BHB (JF 'DEDD "-EDG ¯3*1/G H (1F'EG 1J2I 4/G (G E1/E :J1 F8'EI ©G B*D H/ J' 4©F,G 1' /1 (1 EI ¯J1/ 1' ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" *91JA EI ©F/. (G 9BJ/G EF '9/'E ,E9I F2/J© (G †G'1 G2'1 FA1 *FG' H *FG' (G .'71 '9*B'/'* 3J'3I H J' E0G(I J©I '2 1H4F *1JF EH'1/ ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" '3*. EF (G 9FH'F ©3I ©G /1 13J/¯I (G ~1HF/G G'I E*9//I '2 'JF /3* 41©* /'4*G 'E E9*B/E ©G '*A'B H'B9 4/G /1 3'D acö÷ *E'EI ED2HE'* 'JF *91JA 1' /1 (1 /'1/. (' *H,G (G "F†G *' ©FHF 1H4F 4/G '3*  GJ† ¯HFG 4©I FJ3* ©G '9/'E G' (1F'EG 1J2I 4/G (H/F/ H ¯3*1/¯I "F /1 EBJ'3I '3* ©G FEI *H'F '2 "EH'1/ EFA1/ FB6 -BHB (41" 5-(* ©1/. "FG' ©G (G FH9I /1 'JF 'E1 FB4 /'4*F/  FG *FG' 'A1'/I ©G 9EDG 'JF '9/'E G' (H/F/  (D©G "FG' ©G /1 ©EJ3JHF G'I E1¯ (9/ '2 ('2~13I /1('1G '9*B'/'* 'A1'/ -©E '9/'E 1' 5'/1 ©1/F/ H "FG' ©G (G 'JF ~1H3G E41H9J* /'/F/ J© E,EH9G (G GE ~JH3*G ,F'JI 1' *4©JD /'/F/ H *H7&G 'F,'E B*D 9'E ,E9I 1' 9EDI ©1/F/. 'JF (/'F EAGHE '3* ©G 9'ED'F *FG' "FG' FJ3*F/ ©G 7F'( /'1 (G ¯1/F G' "HJ.*F/ (D©G GEG /J¯1'FI ©G /1 1/G G'I E.*DA /1 (G 31'F,'E 13'F/F '9/'E G'I ,E9I FB4 /'4*F/ 41J© ,1E E-3H( EI 4HF/. <br> <br> (1'I 'JF©G †FJF ~1HF/G 'I /1 E1',9 E1(H7G (JF 'DEDDI E+D' (ICC) E71- 4/G H (G 9FH'F ,F'J* 9DJG (41J* ~0J1A*G 4H/ H (G GEJF 9FH'F GE (' "F (1.H1/ 4H/ †G E1'-DI ('J/ 7I 4H/<br> @@ E1,9 (JF 'DEDDI (ICC) /1 ,HD'I 3'D b``b (G 7H1 13EI ©'1 .H/ 1' ":'2 ©1/G '3* H E*'3A'FG E41H9J* 13J/¯I (G '9/'E G'I acö÷ 1' F/'1/  2J1' '3'3F'EG 'JF E1,9 B6'I (JF 'DEDDI .H/ *51J- ©1/G '3* ©G -B 13J/¯I (G ,F'J'*I ©G B(D '2 4©D ¯J1I "F 'F,'E 4/G '3* 1' F/'1/. (/ FJ3* *51J- ©FE ©G 'JF J© *5EJE 3J'3I (H/  2J1' 'E6'! ©FF/¯'F '3'3F'EG "F FEI .H'3*F/ ©G E41H9J* "F 97A (G E'3(B (4H/. ~3 GEJF ©'AI '3* *' (ICC) '2 DJ3* E1',9 B6'JI 0J5D'- (1'I 13J/¯I (G 'JF ~1HF/G -0A 4H/  'E' 'E©'F'* E*9// /J¯1I H,H/ /'1F/. J©I '2 'JF 'E©'F'* (1B1'1 ©1/F J© *1J(HF'D (JF 'DEDDI GE†HF /'/¯'GI '3* ©G (1'I 13J/¯I (G ,F'J'* /1 JH¯3D'HI 3'(B /1 D'GG (1B1'1 4/. '(2'1 /J¯1 (1B1'1 ©1/F J© "*1J(HF'D *1©J(I J' "G'J(1J/ *1J(HF'D" GE†HF EH1/I ©G /1 3J1'D&HF H ©'E(H, 'F,'E 4/G '3*. /1 'JF /H -'D* J© E1,9  E1©( '2 ©'/1 B6'JI (JF 'DEDDI H EDI 13J/¯I (G ~1HF/G 1' (G 9G/G EI ¯J1/. -'D* /HE (1'I 'J1'F (G 'JF 5H1* .H'G/ (H/ ©G BHG B6'JJG 'J1'F (.4I '2 *1©J( -BHBI 13J/¯I ©FF/G (G ~1HF/G .H'G/  'E' (' *H,G (G H69J* 'E1H2 B6' /1 'J1'F -'D* /HE :J1 EE©F EJ4H/ †1' ©G /3*¯'G B6'JI 'J1'F 'E1H2 .H/ (G 9FH'F '(2'1 '5DI 31©H( 9ED EI ©F/. /J¯1 'JF©G  'JF /3*¯'G *H'F'JI -1AG 'I H *.55I D'2E (1'I 13J/¯I (G 'JF ~1HF/G 1' F/'1/. <br> /1 9JF -'D /3*¯'G B6'JI 'J1'F (G /DJD FB4I ©G /1 ,F'J'* H (G 7H1 E4.5 /1 '9/'E G'I /3*G ,E9I 3'D acö÷ /'4*G '3*  .H/ (1 5F/DI '*G'E B1'1 /'1/. /1 *,1(G *'1J.I  E' ~3 '2 ,F¯ ,G'FI /HE (' EBHDG I Justice Trial 1H(1H G3*JE ©G /'/¯'GI ©1/F B6'* .D'A©'1 1' /1 (1 EI ¯1A*. EH1/ ,1E 'JF B6'* (G ©'1 ¯1A*F BH'FJFI (H/ ©G .H/ 2J1 ~' FG'/F BH'FJF (JF 'DEDDI E-3H( EI 4/F/. <br> -'D* /J¯1I ©G EI *H'F 'JF 'A1'/ 1' /1 /'E 9/'D* '3J1 ©1/  1H4I '3* ©G (1'I ~JFH4G (G ©'1 ¯1A*G 4/. /1 'JF -'D* /'/¯'G G'I EDI -B EI J'(F/ -BHB (JF 'DEDD 1' ',1' ©FF/ †1' ©G 7(J9* 'JF ,F'J'* 9ED' (G G1 /'/¯'GI ','2G EI /G/ /1 1'(7G (' "FG' /'/¯3*1I ©F/. <br> (' *E'E "F†G ¯A*G 4/ EF A©1 FEI ©FE ©G H8JAG E' /1 -'D -'61 *E1©2 (1 J© E©'FJ2E E4.5I ('4/ ©G (' "F (*H'FJE (G G/A /'/¯3*1I (13JE. E' (1'I 'JF©G A1GF¯ 3J'3I 1' /1 'J1'F *:JJ1 /GJE '©FHF FJ'2 /'1JE ©G -BJB* 1' (/'FJE H (1 A1'EH4I *-EJD 4/G A'&B "JJE. E' '2 FEHFG G'I "1˜'F*JF H "A1JB'I ,FH(I EI /'FJE ©G (1'I *-BB J© F8E /E©1'*J© E1/E ('J/ -BJB* 1' /1('1G ,2JJ'* 7(J9* ,F'J'* 'F,'E 4/G (/'FF/. F©*G /J¯1 'JF©G (1'I J© *-HD /E©1'*J© ('J/ E3&HDJ* 'A1'/ (1'I '9E'D4'F E4.5 4H/ H 'JF ~1H3G 'I 7HD'FI 1' /1 (1 EI ¯J1/. /1 EH1/ JH¯3D'HI *H,G /'/F (G E3&HDJ* "B'I '3DH(H/'F EJDH3HJ† /G 3'D 2E'F FJ'2 /'4*. /1 'JF 1'3*' E' ('J/ ,'E9G ,G'FI 1' H'/'1 ©FJE *' E3&HD'F FB6 -BHB (41 /1 'J1'F 1' 4F'3'JI ©F/. /1 E1-DG (9/ E©'FJ2EI (G H,H/ (J'H1/ (E+D' ©EJ3JHF G'I *-BJB) ©G *H37 "F  'A1'/I 1' ©G E3&HD 4F'.*G EI 4HF/ 'J2HDG ©F/. '/'EG 'JF 1'G EJ*H'F/ EF,E/ ©1/F /'1'JI G'I 'JF 'A1'/  H J' ,DH¯J1I '2 41©* "FG' /1 E,'E9 (JF 'DEDDI ('4/. /1 'JF 1'(7G '.J1' E' EH1/ "B'I 39J/ E1*6HI 1' /'4*JE ©G /1 ~1HF/G B*D 2G1' ©'8EI 5'-( FB4 4F'.*G 4/G '3*  'E' *H'F3* (1'I 41©* /1 ©EJ3JHF -BHB (41 3'2E'F EDD (G ˜FH 3A1 ©F/. <br> <br> 4E' '2 *1J(HF'D (JF 'DEDDI 5-(* ©1/J/  '4©'D 9EDI †FJF *1J(HF'DI (1'I E*GE'F (G ,F'J* 9DJG (41J* /1 'J1'F †¯HFG '3*<br> @@ J© 1'G *4©JD †FJF E1,9I '2 4H1'I 'EFJ* 3'2E'F EDD EI ¯01/. 'JF 1'G /1 -'D -'61 GEH'1 FJ3* H (G F81 FEI "J/ ©G 4H1'I 'EFJ* 9D'BG H 'F¯J2G 'I (1'I *5HJ( B79F'EG 'I /1 'JF 1'(7G /'4*G ('4/  'E' E' EJ*H'FJE (1 'JF 1HF/ *'+J1 (¯0'1JE. (G 9FH'F E+'D 'J1'F (G 9FH'F *G/J/ (1'I 'EFJ* E71- EJ4H/. E' EJ*H'FJE 1'(7G EJ'F 'JF *G/J/ H 7(J9* 6/ -BHB (41I 1˜JE 'J1'F 1' (G FE'J4 (¯0'1JE. <br> 1'G /J¯1 'JF '3* ©G F8'E "JF/G -'©E (1 'J1'F .H/ /'H7D('FG ~1HF/G †FJF ,F'J'*I 1' (G J© *1J(HF'D (JF 'DEDDI '1,'9 /G/. '2 F81 EF J© "*1J(HF'D *1©J(I ©G '2 ©'/1 -BHBI 'J1'FI H (JF 'DEDDI *4©JD 4/G ('4/ (1'I 'J1'F E7DH( '3*.<br> /DJD EF (1'I 71- FJ'2 (G -6H1 B6'* (JF 'DEDDI 'JF '3* ©G 'JF -6H1 EJ*H'F/ 6'EF (J71AI /'/¯'G ('4/. '2 3HI /J¯1 ©'1 J© E1,9 4'ED ©'/1 (JF 'DEDDI H /1 :J(* -BHB/'FG'I 'J1'FI 9ED' '2 H'B9J* ,'E9G (G /H1 .H'G/ E'F/. ('2 GE J'/"H1I EI ©FE ©G E' 'D'F F('J/ (G /F('D 4©D E4.5I '2 /'/¯'G H F8'E /'/¯3*1I ('4JE. 'E1H2 H8JAG '5DI E' E3*F/ ©1/F ,F'J'* '3*. E' ('J/ E7E&F 4HJE ©G HB*I 2E'F A1' 13J/ H 'JF 2E'F JBJF' A1' EJ13/  †1' ©G GEJ4G †FJF (H/G '3*  ,F'J* ©'1'F B'/1 (G A1'1 '2 9/'D* F4HF/. <br> <br> ¯1 †G 4E' *'©J/ EI ©FJ/ ©G (1 FH9 E4.5I '2 E©'FJ2E /'/.H'GI E*E1©2 F4HJE  'E' 3&H'D (9/I EF ('2 GE (G 'JF EH6H9 ('2 EI ¯1//. ¯A*J/ ©G J© "*1J(HF'D *1©J(I 1' 4©D 'J/G "D 13J/¯I (G ~1HF/G ",F'J* 9DJG (41J*" /1 'J1'F EI /'FJ/. "B'I 16' E9JFI A9'D -BHB (41 H J©I '2 E/9J'F 'JF ,F'J* /1 E5'-(G (' 4G1HF/ EI ¯HJ/: "'JF A',9G EDI (H/G '3* ~3 /'/.H'GI FJ2 ('J/ EDI ('4/" F81 4E' †J3*<br> @@ F81 'J4'F /1 *&H1I (3J'1 /D~0J1 EI FE'J/  'E' (G 3.*I EJ*H'F (' "F EH'AB* ©1/. H'B9J* 'J1'F /J/¯'G E0©H1 1' (G /1 -/ GE'F *&H1I /DF4JF E*HBA EI ©F/. ©/'E /3*¯'G B6'JI /1 37- EDI EI .H'G/ (G 'JF ~1HF/G 13J/¯I ©F/ "J' /3*¯'GI ©G .H/ '(2'1 '5DI ,F'J* (H/G B1'1 '3* .H/ 1' B6'H* ©F/ E¯1 FG 'JF©G 'JF /3*¯'G 'E1H2 (G 9FH'F '(2'1 '5DI 31©H( 9ED EI ©F/ '3E'9JD 4H4*1I H2J1 /'/¯3*1I /HD* ~J4JF H ©1JEI 1'/ H2J1 /'/¯3*1I ©'(JFG A9DI G1 /H FB4 ©DJ/I /1 'JF ,F'J'* /'4*G 'F/. /'/3*'F ©D *G1'F "B'I 39J/ E1*6HI .H/ /1 J© ~1HF/G B*D (' '(9'/ ,G'FI  (1 5F/DI E*GE B1'1 /'1/. '2 'JF /3*¯'G †¯HFG EJ*H'F 'F*8'1 9/'D* /'4*<br> <br> 'E' 1'G -D G'I ~J4FG'/I 4E' FJ2 †G /1 †'1†H( (JF 'DEDDI H †G /1 4©D "*1J(HF'D *1©J(I (G *:JJ1 3J'3I /1 'J1'F EH©HD EI 4HF/. '¯1 /1 G1 5H1* /'/¯'GI ©1/F E*GE'F ,F'J* (G A1/'I *:JJ1 -©HE* H'¯0'1 EI 4H/ †1' F('J/ J© F8'E B6'JI EDI (G "F 13J/¯I ©F/<br> @@ 2J1' (G 9BJ/G EF /3*¯'G B6'JI 'J1'F ('J/ (G ©DI '2 E3&HDJ* (G 2J1 ©4J/G H '2 FH 3'.*G 4H/. 'JF /3*¯'G *H'F'JI B6'H* 9'/D'FG  *.55I H (J71A'FG 1' /'1' FJ3*. H E' EI *H'FJE E7E&F ('4JE ©G 4©D ¯J1I /3*¯'G B6'JI ,/J/ /1 GE'F A1/'I 1H2 *:JJ1 /1 'J1'F EE©F FJ3*. ((JFJ/ GJ† ©3 FEI /'F/ /1 /H H J' ~F, 3'D "JF/G /1 'J1'F †G '*A'B'*I EI 'A*/. A16 ©FJE (G 'EJ/ ./' J© -1©* ¯3*1/G E/FI E1/EI (G *:JJ1 41'J7 'F,'EJ/G H *H'2F 3J'3I ,/J/ (J'A1JF/ H /1 ~I "F /3*¯'G B6'JI -'61 E1.5 H ¯1HGI '2 B6'* H -BHB /'F'F ,H'F H 'J/G 'DJ3* ,'I "F 1' (¯J1F/ /1 'JF 5H1* †G (G*1 '2 'JF©G ,'1I 4/F B6' (G 'JF ¯1HG E-HD 4H/. '2 3HI /J¯1 4'J/ 41'J7 'EFJ*I (1¯2'1I /'/¯'G 1' /1 *G1'F :J1 EE©F ©F/. EH1/I ©G /1 3J1'D&HF H ~1HF/G †'1D2 *JDH1 (' "F 1H(1H 4/JE. (G /DJD 'JF©G †'1D2 *JDH1 /1 A1I *'HF  ~'J*.* 3J1'D&HF 5'-( J© EJDJ4J'I 4.5I '3*. 1'3*I (3J, H 'F5'1 -2( 'DDG /1 A1/'I *:JJ1 /1 'J1'F †¯HFG 9ED EI ©FF/ (G G1 -'D (G 7H1 B79 'E1H2 (1'I *9JJF 4©D /'/¯'G (1'I 13J/¯I (G ,F'J'* EH1/ F81 2H/ '3*. <br> <br> (G 9FH'F J© -BHB/'F *' †G -/ (G *'+J1'* ',*E'9I F81 H 9ED A©1 EI ©FJ/ H 'JF *'+J1'* (1'I 4E' EGE G3*F/<br> @@ EF (G *,1(G '2 ©'1 .H/ /1 JH¯3D'HI  ¯H'*E'D'  ©'E(H, H 1H"F/' /1J'A*G 'E ©G ©'1 .H/ 1' /1 ~JHF/ (' ',*E'9 ((JFE. 4E' HB*I ©G FG (' ,F'J'* EFA1/ (D©G (' ,F'J* 3'2E'F J'A*G /HD*I 1H(1H G3*J/  FG J© A1/ ©G J© 3J3*E '124I 3J'3I 1' (G /'/¯'G EI (1J/. /1 "F,' E9J'1G' (G †'D4 ©4J/G EI 4HF/. 'JF©G †G †J2 9/'D* '3* H 8'DE'FG ©/'E '3* 2J1 3&H'D EI 1H/. /1 'JF EH'1/ ©G E+D' J© H2J1 ©'(JFG /'/¯'GI EI 4H/  *D'4 'JF '3* *' F4'F /'/G 4H/ ©G ,F'J* 9'B(* .H4I /1 (1 F/'1/ H ",F'J* (/HF ~'3.¯HJI (crime with impunity) -*I (1'I 31'F 9'DJ1*(G J© -©HE* /J¯1 EE©F FJ3*. *'+J1 ',*E'9I 'JF 9ED 1' /1 GF¯'E :J(* 'JF 9/'D* 4'G/ G3*JE. E+D' /1 /J©*'*H1I G'I "E1J©'I ,FH(I  (DH© 41B 3'(B 9/E ~'3. ¯HJI ,F'J* ©'1'F (1'I '9E'D .H/ (G ¯3*14 A3'/ /1 ,'E9G 'F,'EJ/. /1 'J1'F 'E1H2 .H/E'F .H/E'F H69 (G GEJF EFH'D '3*. ,F'J* ©'1'F /1 3J3*E FG *F(JG 4/G ©G *1AJ9 ¯1A*G 'F/ 'JF 'E1 *'+J1 .H/ 1' /1 ,'E9G (1 †'I ¯0'4*G '3* ~3 (1'I 4©D ¯J1I F8EI 3'DE H /E©1'*J© /1 ,'E9G 'I 3'DE (' A1GF¯I /E©1'*J© ('2.H'3* '2 E3&HD'F ,F'J* /1 G1 1/G 'I J© ~J4 417 '3*.<br> <br> ¯A* H ¯H: /1 /'F4¯'G E© ¯JD aõ 3~*'E(1 b``ö <br> Enforcement of the Genocide Convention (a <br> Human Rights Law Journal (b <br> Harvard Human Rights Yearbook (c <br> Reducing Genocide to Law (ô <br> International Criminal Court (õ<br> <br> <br> shemiranie@yahoo.com<br> <br> 4G1HF/ - 4E'1G ñðùô - õ '©*(1 òððö - ~F,4F(G ñó EG1 ñóøõ<br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> </td> <td width="10"></td> <td width="90" bgcolor="#770077" valign="top"> <center> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="90%"> <tr> <td width="100%"> </td> </tr> </table> </center> </body> </html>